General Overview of Sleeping Disorders一般概况的睡眠障碍

Sleeping disorders plague millions of people each night.睡眠障碍困扰着数百万人每天晚上。 Everything from insomnia, to restless movements during sleep to sleep apnea to inability to stay awake.一切从失眠，坐立不安运动在睡觉时以睡眠呼吸暂停无法成眠。 All these manifestations of a disruption of the normal sleep patterns can be considered a sleeping disorder.所有这些表现，打乱了正常的睡眠习惯，可以被视为一个睡眠障碍。

In itself, sleep deprivation is not a sleeping disorder, but is often a result of having trouble sleeping.本身，剥夺睡眠，是不是睡眠障碍，但往往因有麻烦睡觉。 Sleep deprivation can occur even when there is no clinical diagnosis of sleeping disorders.剥夺睡眠可以发生时，即使没有临床诊断睡眠障碍。 In other words, the person just is unable to obtain the recommended amount of time spent in restful sleep.或者换句话说，人只是无法取得推荐大量的时间花费在宁静的睡眠。

Sleeping disorders can be categorized by any of the following manifestations.睡眠障碍可以分为由下列任何一种表现形式。

• Falling asleep at times which are not considered to be appropriate, i.e. while standing, or speaking入睡的时候，是不被视为适当的，即同时常委会，或发言
• Difficulty falling asleep or having trouble staying asleep难以入睡，或有麻烦下榻睡着
• Unusual behaviors while asleep such as sleep walking, rhythmic limb movements or enuresis不寻常的行为，而在睡觉时，如睡眠散步，有节奏的肢体动作或遗尿
• Requirement of excessive or abnormal amounts of sleep要求过高或不正常的金额睡眠

Any disruption of the normal sleeping state can have both physiological and neurological impact on the sufferer.任何扰乱了正常的睡眠状态，可以有两种生理和神经系统影响，对患者。 However, sleeping disorders are commonly associated with one or more of the following causes.然而，睡眠障碍是常见的与一个或一个以上的下列原因。

• A change in life style - often a switch to shift work where the sufferer is sleeping during the day instead of at night.改变生活方式-往往是一个开关，以轮班工作而患者是睡在白天，而不是在夜间。
• Pain - Back pain, neck pain, sciatica, or other chronic pain can create sleeping disorders疼痛-背部疼痛，颈部疼痛，坐骨神经痛，或其他慢性疼痛可以创造睡眠障碍
• Incontinence - whether adult or child, disrupting the sleeping patterns to prevent bed wetting or to clean up after an accident means a negative change in sleeping patterns.尿失禁-无论是成人或儿童，扰乱睡眠规律，以防止床弄湿或清理事故后，就是负面的改变睡眠模式。
• Babies - a new baby in the house will often result in a major problem with sleeping.婴儿-一个新的婴儿在众议院中，往往会导致在重大问题，失眠。
• Drugs - various types of medications will interfere with normal sleep and can sometimes rise to the level of diagnosed sleeping disorders.药品-不同类型的药物，会干扰正常睡眠，有时可导致水平诊断睡眠障碍。

Diagnosis of clinical sleeping disorders is usually accomplished through a number of methods.诊断的临床睡眠障碍通常是通过多种方法。 Often the patient who complains of one or more of the symptoms of sleeping disorders will often be asked to keep a sleep journal.常常是病人抱怨的一种或一种以上的症状，睡眠障碍，往往会被要求保持睡眠杂志。 The most common diagnostic test is usually done in a hospital or sleep lab setting and involves being wired up so sleeping patterns can be monitored and recorded electronically.最常见的诊断测试方法通常是在医院或睡眠实验室的设置，并涉及被有线起来，使睡眠模式可以监测和记录电子化。 The instrument is called a polysomnogram.该仪器是由所谓的多导睡眠。 Multiple channels on the polysomnogram measure such factors as an EEG, air flow, chin movements, leg movements, eye movements, heart rate and rhythm, oxygen saturation, abdominal wall movement and chest movement.多渠道，多就多导睡眠措施等因素，作为一个脑电图，空气流通，下巴动作，腿部动作，眼球运动，心率和心律，血氧饱和度，腹壁运动及胸部运动。

The polysomnogram is helpful in determining whether in fact the subject is suffering from any type of disruption in the sleeping patterns.该多导睡眠是有帮助的，在决定是否在事实上的主题是患任何类型的中断而睡模式。 Often a person will feel that they were awake, when in fact the EEG reflects they were sleeping.常常一个人会觉得他们醒来时，其实脑电图反映，他们正在睡觉。

Once the character of the sleeping disorder has been determined, the physician will proceed with treatment.当性格的睡眠障碍的决心已定，医师将着手治理。 Treatments for sleeping disorders typically fall into one or more categories: pharmacological, psychotherapeutic, or other somatic interventions.治疗睡眠障碍通常属于一个或多个类别：药理，心理治疗，或其他躯体干预措施。 The treatment plan will vary depending upon the type of sleep disorder present.治疗计划将视乎后型睡眠障碍。 Although certain forms of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy are commonly treated with medications, recent evidence shows that the most effective treatment over time includes behavioral modifications.虽然某些形式的睡眠障碍，如发作性睡病是常见的治疗药物，最近的证据表明，最有效的治疗，随着时间的推移，包括行为的修改。 Treatment which combines behavioral modifications with other treatments produces better results and is recommended in almost all treatment plans.治疗相结合的变通行为与其他疗法产生更好的效果，并建议在几乎所有的治疗计划。